The latest on Redistricting from: Maryland, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
Maryland
Maryland Circuit Court Senior Justice Lynne Battaglia, ruled on March 25th, that the State’s new Congressional district boundaries were Unconstitutional due to Partisan Gerrymandering. Battaglia gave the Maryland General Assembly, until today, March 30th, to adopt a New Plan. In her Ruling, Battaglia said, “It is extraordinarily unlikely that a map that looks like the 2021 Plan could be produced without extreme partisan gerrymandering.”
Several Maryland Residents filed Lawsuits in December 2021, challenging the New Congressional Map.
Maryland enacted the Congressional District boundaries on Dec. 9th, 2021, after both Chambers of the Democratic-controlled Legislature overrode Gov. Larry Hogan’s (R) Veto of the Plan. The House Voted 96-41 to Override Hogan’s Veto, and the Senate Voted 32-14 to do the same. On Dec. 7th, 2021, the House of Delegates passed the Redistricting Plan, 97-42, with all “yes” Votes coming from Democrats, and 41 Republicans and One Democrat Voting “no.” The Senate approved the Congressional Map, 32-15, on Dec. 8th, 2021, in a Party-line Vote.
The Map allows Democrats to hold Seven of the State’s Eight Congressional Seats and the First District on the Eastern Shore, held by Rep. Andy Harris (R-1st District), becomes more Competitive.
Michigan
Michigan’s New Congressional and Legislative District boundaries became Law on March 26th, 60 days after the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission (MICRC) published its Report on Redistricting Plans with the Secretary of State.
The MICRC Approved the State’s Congressional Map on Dec. 28th, 2021, by a Vote of 8-5. Two Democrats, Two Republicans, and Four Nonpartisan Members backed the Plan. The Five remaining Members Voted for other plans. As required, the adopted Map was Approved by “at least two commissioners who affiliate with each major party, and at least two commissioners who do not affiliate with either major party.”
According to Three Measures of Partisan Fairness based on Statewide Election Data from the Past Decade, the Map favors Republicans. But those Measures also show a significant Reduction in the Republican Bias compared to the Map drawn a Decade ago by a Republican Legislature, deemed One of the most Politically biased Maps in the Country. One of the Partisan Fairness Measures used by the Commission indicates Democratic Candidates would have an Advantage under the New Map.
The MICRC also Approved New Legislative District Boundaries on Dec. 28th, 2021. The Vote on the State Senate Map was 9-4 with Two Democrats, Two Republicans, and All Five Nonpartisan Members supporting the Proposal. The Commission Voted 11-2 in favor of a Proposal for State House Districts, with Four Democrats, Two Republicans, and all Five Nonpartisan Members supporting it.
The MICRC was established after Voters Approved a 2018 Voter-Approved Constitutional Amendment that Transferred Redistricting Authority from the Legislature to an Independent Redistricting Commission. Michigan is One of Eight States that use Commissions for Congressional Redistricting, and One of 14 States that use Commissions for State Legislative Redistricting.
Ohio
The Ohio Redistricting Commission approved New State Legislative District boundaries 4-3 on March 28th, the Deadline the Ohio Supreme Court set for the State to adopt New Maps. Gov. Mike DeWine (R), Secretary of State Frank La Rose (R), State Senate President Matt Huffman (R-12th District), and State House Speaker Bob Cupp (R-4th District) Voted to approve the New Boundaries, while House Minority Leader Allison Russo (D-24th District), State Sen. Vernon Sykes (D-28th District), and State Auditor Keith Faber (R) Voted Against.
The Commission Approved a Redistricting Plan nearly identical to One the Ohio Supreme Court Rejected as Unconstitutional. After the Vote, the Commission needed to approve a Proposal by the State Supreme Court’s Deadline, adding, “I think there’s a decent chance this map won’t meet the court’s test.”
The Ohio Redistricting Commission previously Approved Legislative District Boundaries on Sept. 16th, 2021, Jan. 22nd, and Feb. 24th. The Ohio Supreme Court ruled those Proposals Violated Sections 6 (A) and (B) of the State Constitution. Those Provisions, which came out of a 2015 Voter-Approved Constitutional Amendment establishing the Redistricting Commission, require Legislative District Boundaries Not “be drawn primarily to favor or disfavor a political party.”
Wisconsin
On March 23rd, the U.S. Supreme Court, Reversed a Wisconsin Supreme Court Decision that enacted that State’s New Legislative District boundaries. In its unsigned Opinion, the Court said that the “court committed legal error in its application of decisions of this Court regarding the relationship between the constitutional guarantee of equal protection and the VRA[Voting Rights Act].” The Court sent the Case back to the Wisconsin Supreme Court for further Proceedings, writing, “Summarily correcting the error gives the court sufficient time to adopt maps consistent with the timetable for Wisconsin’s August 9th primary election.”
The Wisconsin Supreme Court adopted Maps that Gov. Tony Evers (D) had submitted. On Nov. 18th, 2021, Evers had Vetoed District Boundaries the Legislature Approved. The Senate had approved the Maps 21-12 along Party Lines on Oct. 20th, 2021, with All Republicans in the Chamber Voting for the Proposal and All Democrats Voting against it. The House passed the Maps on Nov. 11th, 2021, by a 60-38 Party-Line Vote.
Wyoming
Wyoming Gov. Mark Gordon (R) allowed the State’s Legislative District boundaries to become Law on March 25th, without signing the Bill (HEA 62/HB 100) Lawmakers approved on March 11th. The Bill adds One Senate and Two House Districts to the Legislature, bringing the Totals to 31 Senators and 62 Representatives. Wyoming was Apportioned One At-Large District in the U.S. House of Representatives, meaning that No Congressional Redistricting is required.
In a Letter explaining his Decision, Gordon said, “The final legislation was amended in the waning hours of the legislative session to a version that apparently establishes some districts that appear to exceed presumptively acceptable deviation limits. Redistricting is an inherently legislative process and, therefore, I must assume this final product represents the best effort of this Legislature. Thus, for this reason as well as a desire to see our elections have their best chance to proceed in an orderly and proper way, I am allowing HEA 62 to become law without my signature.”
NYC Wins When Everyone Can Vote! Michael H. Drucker
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